Thursday, February 5, 2015

Willamette River Bridges: Steel Bridge

IMG_6980 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 10, 2007
Steel Bridge on June 10, 2007

The Steel Bridge is named for the original 1888 Steel Bridge's pioneering use of steel instead of wrought iron.

IMG_6989 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 10, 2007
Steel Bridge on June 10, 2007

The original Steel Bridge was a double-deck swing span that turned on its axis and was the second to cross the lower Willamette after the original Morrison Bridge.

IMG_7009 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 10, 2007
Steel Bridge on June 10, 2007

When this bridge was built to replace the original Steel Bridge in 1912, the name was simply transferred.

IMG_7023 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 10, 2007
Steel Bridge on June 10, 2007

The Steel Bridge is the only vertical lift bridge in the world with two decks that move independently of each other, and is the second oldest vertical lift bridge in North America, after the Hawthorne Bridge.

IMG_3416 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on September 7, 2008
Steel Bridge on September 7, 2008

It was built by the Union Pacific Railroad and the Oregon Railway & Navigation Company and is currently owned by Union Pacific, with the top deck leased to the Oregon Department of Transportation.

IMG_3417 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on September 7, 2008
Steel Bridge on September 7, 2008

The main span is a 211-foot steel through Pratt truss, double vertical lift span, with 290-foot Pratt through truss spans at each end. When lowered, the lower deck is 26 feet above the water.

IMG_3461 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on September 7, 2008
Steel Bridge on September 7, 2008

The lower deck of the lift span, built for trains, telescopes into the upper deck built for street railways, pedestrians and gasoline and horse powered vehicles.

IMG_3462 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on September 7, 2008
Steel Bridge on September 7, 2008

Raising the lower deck permits small craft on the river to pass without raising the entire bridge.

IMG_6236 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 7, 2009
Steel Bridge on June 7, 2009

When raised, the top deck is 165 feet above the water. It takes an average of three minutes to raise the bottom deck and five minutes to raise both.

IMG_6254 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 7, 2009
Steel Bridge on June 7, 2009

Gears, pulleys, sheaves, electric motors, and ten counterweights - five in each tower - provide the lifting power.

IMG_6256 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 7, 2009
Steel Bridge on June 7, 2009

The total moving weight of both decks and counterweights is nine million pounds.

IMG_0071 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on October 23, 2009
Steel Bridge on October 23, 2009

The original cost of construction was $1.7 million. A redesign in 1986 to accommodate MAX Light Rail cost $10 million.

IMG_0073 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on October 23, 2009
Steel Bridge on October 23, 2009

The RiverWalk pedestrian and bicycle crossing over the Willamette River is attached to the lower deck, It was constructed by the Portland Office of Transportation in partnership with the Union Pacific Railroad Company, with special thanks for the generosity of the following organizations: Louis Dreyfus, GSL Properties, Hoyt Street Properties, Kalberer Hotel Supply, H. Naito Corporation, METRO, NW Natural Gas, Oregon Arena/Corporation, Port of Portland, and Portland Development Commission. It was completed in the spring of 2001.

 

IMG_7004 RiverWalk Plaque in Portland, Oregon on June 10, 2007
RiverWalk Plaque on June 10, 2007

Bridge Type: Steel Pratt Through Truss Double Vertical Lift
Opened: 1912
Designed by: John Lyle Harrington & J. A. L. Waddell, Kansas City, MO
Substructure built by: Union Bridge & Construction Company, Kansas City, MO
Superstructure built by: Robert Wakefield, Portland, OR
Total Length: 791 feet
Lift Span Length: 211 feet
Closed Vertical Clearance: 26 feet
Open Vertical Clearance: 165 feet
Opening Time: 3-5 minutes
Owned by: Union Pacific Railroad

IMG_3200 USS Sampson (DDG-102), USS Bunker Hill (CG-52) & Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 5, 2010
Steel Bridge on June 5, 2010

Historical Photos:
Postcard of Original Steel Bridge (Multnomah County Genweb)
Postcard of Original Steel Bridge (shastaroute.railfan.net/)
Original Steel Bridge (Portland Waterfront History)
Original Steel Bridge (Portland Waterfront History)
Original Steel Bridge (Portland Waterfront History)
Steel Bridge Fully Raised (shastaroute.railfan.net/)
Postcard View of Steel Bridge (shastaroute.railfan.net/)
Steel Bridge with Lower Deck raised (shastaroute.railfan.net/)
Shasta Limited on Steel Bridge (shastaroute.railfan.net/)
Postcard View of Steel Bridge (Portland Waterfront History)
Postcard View of Steel Bridge (Portland Waterfront History)
Steel Bridge (Portland Waterfront History)
Steel Bridge (Portland Waterfront History)
Steel Bridge (Portland Waterfront History)
Steel Bridge (Portland Waterfront History)
Steel Bridge Fully Raised (Portland Waterfront History)
Pacific Limited & Steel Bridge (Oregon Historical Society)
Steel Bridge (Oregon Historical Society)
Steel Bridge during the 1964 Flood (ODOT History Center)
Steel Bridge during the 1964 Flood (ODOT History Center)

IMG_3202 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 5, 2010
Steel Bridge on June 5, 2010

The following pictures show Portland’s Vintage Trolleys running on the top deck, and freight and passenger trains running on the lower deck.

IMG_6987 Vintage Trolley on the Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 10, 2007
Vintage Trolley on Steel Bridge on June 10, 2007

IMG_6988 Vintage Trolley on the Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 10, 2007
Vintage Trolley on Steel Bridge on June 10, 2007

IMG_7001 BNSF GP60M #143 on the Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 10, 2007
BNSF GP60M #143 on Steel Bridge on June 10, 2007

IMG_7002 BNSF C44-9W #5358 on the Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 10, 2007
BNSF C44-9W #5358 on Steel Bridge on June 10, 2007

IMG_7003 Oakway SD60 #9095 on the Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 10, 2007
Oakway Leasing SD60 #9095 on Steel Bridge on June 10, 2007

IMG_3429 Amtrak Train on the Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on September 7, 2008
Amtrak Train on Steel Bridge on September 7, 2008

IMG_3430 Amtrak Train on the Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on September 7, 2008
Amtrak Train on Steel Bridge on September 7, 2008

IMG_3431 Amtrak Train on the Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on September 7, 2008
Amtrak Train on Steel Bridge on September 7, 2008

IMG_3432 Amtrak Train on the Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on September 7, 2008
Amtrak Train on Steel Bridge on September 7, 2008

IMG_3433 Amtrak Train on the Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on September 7, 2008
Amtrak Train on Steel Bridge on September 7, 2008

IMG_3453 Union Pacific SD70M #4270 on the Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on September 7, 2008
Union Pacific SD70M #4270 on Steel Bridge, September 7, 2008

IMG_6215 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 7, 2009
Union Pacific Freight Train on Steel Bridge on June 7, 2009

IMG_6216 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 7, 2009
Union Pacific Freight Train on Steel Bridge on June 7, 2009

IMG_6217 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 7, 2009
Union Pacific Freight Train on Steel Bridge on June 7, 2009

The following series of pictures shows the Steel Bridge in operation on June 5, 2010. The upper deck is partially raised for the passage of the Weeks Marine tugboat Thomas and barge WF-9.

IMG_3224 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 5, 2010
Steel Bridge on June 5, 2010

IMG_3238 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 5, 2010
Lower Deck Raising

IMG_3239 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 5, 2010
Lower Deck Raising

IMG_3240 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 5, 2010
Lower Deck Raising

IMG_3241 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 5, 2010
Lower Deck Raised

IMG_3242 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 5, 2010
Lower Deck Raised

IMG_3244 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 5, 2010
Lower Deck Raised

IMG_3246 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 5, 2010
Lower Deck Raised

IMG_3272 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 5, 2010
Lower Deck Lowering

IMG_3273 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 5, 2010
Lower Deck Lowering

IMG_3308 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 5, 2010
Upper Deck Partially Raised

IMG_3310 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 5, 2010
Upper Deck Partially Raised

IMG_3311 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 5, 2010
Upper Deck Partially Raised

IMG_3312 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 5, 2010
Upper Deck Partially Raised

IMG_3313 Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 5, 2010
Upper Deck Partially Raised

IMG_3316 Weeks Tugboat Thomas & Barge WF-9 under the Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 5, 2010
Weeks Tugboat Thomas & Barge WF-9 under Steel Bridge

IMG_3317 Weeks Tugboat Thomas & Barge WF-9 under the Steel Bridge in Portland, Oregon on June 5, 2010
Weeks Tugboat Thomas & Barge WF-9 under Steel Bridge

The following video shows trains crossing the Steel Bridge on June 5, 2010, and the lift operation pictured above.

Steel Bridge on June 5, 2010

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